技术不确定环境下新产品策略的设计应用

技术的动态发展和企业间的竞争对企业新产品策略有很大影响,直接决定新产品的引进周期。本文在产业技术动态变化的随机环境下构建随机动态规划模型,关注产业技术进步、投资成本和产品市场竞争等影响因素,探讨企业进行新产品引进的周期选择,对新产品引进的周期和质量决策进行方法设计和应用举例。利用随机动态规划模型得出新产品引进的最优时间周期,用算例分析技术进步和产品研发成本对企业引进周期策略的影响,采取策略迭代的方法进行求解,发现技术进步较快时企业的新产品引进步伐也较快,研发成本的提高使企业的新产品引入步伐降低。     

Ba(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 铁电薄膜的制备

介绍了用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si衬底和石英衬底上制备Ba(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3铁电薄膜的基本原理、工艺过程及工艺特点;Sol-gel制备的Ba(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3铁电薄膜表面平整、厚度均匀.     

Generalized 3G theorem and application to relativistic stable process on non-smooth open sets

Let G(x,y) and GD(x,y) be the Green functions of rotationally invariant symmetric α-stable process in Rd and in an open set D, respectively, where 0<α<2. The inequality GD(x,y)GD(y,z)/GD(x,z)?c(G(x,y)+G(y,z)) is a very useful tool in studying (local) Schrödinger operators. When the above inequality is true with c=c(D)∈(0,∞), then we say that the 3G theorem holds in D. In this paper, we establish a generalized version of 3G theorem when D is a bounded κ-fat open set, which includes a bounded John domain. The 3G we consider is of the form GD(x,y)GD(z,w)/GD(x,w), where y may be different from z. When y=z, we recover the usual 3G. The 3G form GD(x,y)GD(z,w)/GD(x,w) appears in non-local Schrödinger operator theory. Using our generalized 3G theorem, we give a concrete class of functions belonging to the non-local Kato class, introduced by Chen and Song, on κ-fat open sets. As an application, we discuss relativistic α-stable processes (relativistic Hamiltonian when α=1) in κ-fat open sets. We identify the Martin boundary and the minimal Martin boundary with the Euclidean boundary for relativistic α-stable processes in κ-fat open sets. Furthermore, we show that relative Fatou type theorem is true for relativistic stable processes in κ-fat open sets. The main results of this paper hold for a large class of symmetric Markov processes, as are illustrated in the last section of this paper. We also discuss the generalized 3G theorem for a large class of symmetric stable Lévy processes.     

SiCp/Y112铝基复合材料制备工艺及性能

3种不同铸造工艺条件下铝基复合材料的微观组织,并对其硬度进行了测定.研究表明:与全液态铸造法和半固态铸造法相比,搅熔铸造制备的SiCp/Y112铝基复合材料,其增强相SiC颗粒分布均匀,气孔率较少.是一种较理想的金属基复合材料制备工艺.未增强的Y112基体铝合金的维氏硬度高于其半固态坯料的维氏硬度;而SiCp/Y112铝基复合材料的维氏硬度明显高于基体的维氏硬度,并随着SiC颗粒的体积分数的增加其复合材料的维氏硬度不断提高.     

On multiple integrals of special form

Multiple integrals generalizing the iterated kernels of integral operators are expressed as single integrals in the case of a special representation of the kernel (this is our theorem). Besides integral equations, Markov processes involve these integrals as well. As a consequence of the theorem, we obtain transition probability densities of certain Markov processes. As an illustration, we consider nine examples.     

Recent radiochemical studies of the fission process

This article summarizes the recent radiochemical investigations on mass, charge kinetic energy and fragment angular distributions in low energy fission of actinides.     

Optimal production and rationing decisions in supply chains with information sharing

This paper considers a two-echelon capacitated supply chain with two non-identical retailers and information sharing. We characterize the optimal inventory policies. We also study the benefits of the optimal stock rationing policy over the first come first served (FCFS) and the modified echelon-stock rationing (MESR) policies.     

Growth of Lévy trees

We construct random locally compact real trees called Lévy trees that are the genealogical trees associated with continuous-state branching processes. More precisely, we define a growing family of discrete Galton–Watson trees with i.i.d. exponential branch lengths that is consistent under Bernoulli percolation on leaves; we define the Lévy tree as the limit of this growing family with respect to the Gromov–Hausdorff topology on metric spaces. This elementary approach notably includes supercritical trees and does not make use of the height process introduced by Le Gall and Le Jan to code the genealogy of (sub)critical continuous-state branching processes. We construct the mass measure of Lévy trees and we give a decomposition along the ancestral subtree of a Poisson sampling directed by the mass measure. T. Duquesne is supported by NSF Grants DMS-0203066 and DMS-0405779. M. Winkel is supported by Aon and the Institute of Actuaries, EPSRC Grant GR/T26368/01, le département de mathématique de l’Université d’Orsay and NSF Grant DMS-0405779.     

随机环境中分枝过程的等价定理

给定了随机环境中分枝过程(BPRE)的精确定义,讨论了有关的可测性问题和BPRE的基本性质．在此基础上,证明了BPRE的一个等价定理．     

Allocating unfunded liability in pension valuation under uncertainty

This paper studied the cost allocation for the unfunded liability in a defined benefit pension scheme incorporating the stochastic phenomenon of its returns. In the recent literature represented by Cairns and Parker [Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 21 (1997) 43], Haberman [Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 11 (1992) 179; Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 13 (1993) 45; Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 14 (1994) 219; Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 14 (1997) 127], Owadally and Haberman [North American Actuarial Journal 3 (1999) 105], the fund level is modeled based on the plan dynamics and the returns are generated through several stochastic processes to reflect the current realistic economic perspective to see how the contribution changed as the cost allocation period increased. In this study, we generalize the previous constant value assumption in cost amortization by modeling the returns and valuation rates simultaneously. Taylor series expansion is employed to approximate the unconditional and conditional moments of the plan contribution and fund level. Hence the stability of the plan contribution and the fund size under different allocation periods could be estimated, which provide valuable information adding to the previous works.